How to choose refractory materials for glass furnace to save energy?
Part of the key energy consumption in glass manufacturers is the glass furnace (which consumes about 75% of the total energy consumption). Therefore, focusing on the environmental protection and energy saving of glass furnaces is the top priority. In the past two years, people have adopted many environmental protection and energy-saving measures in the aspects of glass materials, feeding system software, ignition system software, industrial furnace structure, kiln body insulation, waste heat recovery and operation, and operation control, and have obtained quite large examination results. The fuel consumption index values of many plants have been significantly reduced. Some factories exceed the level of first-class furnaces or special furnaces. But compared with overseas, there is also a big difference... Therefore, people have to work hard to further reduce energy consumption.
1. Do not increase the temperature of the glass liquid at the temperature of the flame
After the temperature of the molten glass is increased, the melting rate can be accelerated and the melting time can be reduced, which also increases the production volume and reduces the unit consumption. The specific approach is:
(1) Increase the heat generated by the radiant source of the molten glass in the interior space of the flame.
1. Glass liquid can selectively digest and absorb electromagnetic energy. The penetrating liquid level of light wavelengths below 3μm is passed down. It is the carbon particles in the flame and the surface of the inner and outer walls of the kiln room that can emit electromagnetic energy with a wavelength of less than 3μm. Therefore, increase the luminosity of the flame (by means of insufficient oxygen heating medium or carbon increase countermeasures) and maintain the high luminosity value of the kiln filling wall (related to the surface roughness and temperature of the surface of the filling wall. The luminosity value of clay bricks and silica bricks at high temperatures : 0.61-0.62 at 1000°C, 0.52-0.53 at 1200°C, 0.47-0.49 at 1400°C. The luminosity value of the fused pipe insulation brick at high temperature is 0.4-0.5), which can expand the heat of the radiant source of molten glass in the interior space of the flame .
2. Remove the "air conditioner" film around the liquid level. Pay attention to the height-to-width ratio of the bottom plate of the small furnace from the liquid level and the viewing angle of the flame. It can also be considered to use oxygen blowing to boost the countermeasure (after blowing in oxygen at a rate of 195-500 m/s overseas, the heat transfer rate is accelerated, and the temperature of the flame around the liquid level rises by 100 ℃).
(2) Improve the temperature or temperature uniformity of the molten glass in the kiln.
The insight is to increase the heat transfer of the flame to the molten glass by reducing the liquid level temperature. The decrease in the liquid level temperature also improves the uniformity of the glass liquid temperature in the depth of the pool. The countermeasures to maintain the insights are: 1. The pool is bulging (pay attention to the cleaning of the bulging material and the erosion of the bulging brick). 2. Increase the depth of the pool. The heat convection in the vertical position can be aggravated, and the temperature of the glass liquid on the pool depth can be increased uniformly. In addition, it also incorporates the improvement of the melting rate. 3. Heat insulation of the kiln body. 4. Electric boosting.
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